1970-1974
		
		
	
	Binning R, Miller JC, Chisholm NA.
	Attitudes to abortion (Letters). Br Med J. 1974 May 25; 2(5916): 441.
	
	Rex Binning, J.C. Miller, N.A. Chisholm
	
		- Binning: You have been taken to task by a number of correspondents (4 May, p. 276; 11 May, p. 329) concerning your leading article "Attitudes to Abortion" (13 April, p. 69). They are mainly concerned with only one emotive aspect of the problem. There are others. . .
		
  
		 
		- Miller: I am sure that there are many doctors who share my great anxiety for the future of gynaecological departments and even possibly for the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists itself if the Lane Report is accepted by the Government and implemented.For doctors generally it would mean that there could be no prospect of specializing in gynaecology for Roman Catholics or for those who hold similar views on the subject of abortion. . .
		
		 
		  
		- Chisholm: Professor H. C. McLaren (11 May, p. 329) is surely overstating his case when he tries to imply any parallel between the state atrocities of the Nazis and official recognition here of the reality of the need for abortion and the essentially humanitarian nature of the service it provides when abortion is inevitable. Conscience must be seen to have its positive face. The "conscience clause" cannot be regarded as merely a negative one allowing only the right of abstention from helping the distressed. . . .
		
 
	
	Banwell GS. 
	Attitudes to abortion
	(Letter).  Br Med J. 
	1974 May 18; 
	2(5915): 
	383
	G.S. Banwell
	
		- Your are right to emphasize, in your comments on the report of the 
	Lane Com mittee (13 April, p. 69), that doctors should exercise a 
	humanitarian approach to women seeking advice within the terms of the 
	Abortion Act. But it is not a new situation for doctors to be required to 
	treat illness or injury which has resulted from human folly. Road 
	traffic accidents and voisoning have a much higher mortality and 
	morbidity among women of childbearing age than pregnancy and its 
	sequelae. . .
 
	
	
	Betty Berger
	
		- Jane Doe is in the first trimester of pregnancy. She has consulted 
		her doctor who agrees that she needs an abortion. Jane Doe's doctor 
		judges that he can safely perform the abortion only in a hospital, 
		but the hospitals where he practices will not allow him to use their 
		facilities for the abortion. Jane Doe and her doctor apply for an 
		injunction to require Bellin Memorial Hospital, a private sectarian 
		hospital, to provide its facilities for the abortion. The hospital 
		has received Hill-Burton funding' and is subject to state 
		regulations. . .
 
	
	
	Eugene L. Berl
	
		- . . . While Roe and Doe guarantee a woman's right to choose to 
		terminate her pregnancy free of state interference within the 
		guidelines set by the Court, they do not guarantee her an absolute 
		right to an abortion. To the extent that states do not subsidize 
		abortions, a woman's ability to obtain an abortion is limited by her 
		ability to pay.6 Financial considerations aside, the freedom from 
		state interference is of little consequence unless facilities 
		suitable for the performance of abortions are located within a 
		reasonable distance of the woman's place of residence and are willing to 
		perform such operations.7 The Court's abortion decisions do not require 
		the states to provide abortion facilities. States need only refrain 
		from "interfering" with a woman's decision to obtain an abortion 
		before their interest in maternal health or unborn life becomes 
		compelling. . .
 
	
	BMJ Editorial. 
	Attitudes to abortion. 
	Br Med J. 
	1974 April 13; 
	2(5910): 
	69–70
	
		- Pressure groups supporting one or 
		other attitude to abortion have given doctors and the public little 
		peace since the first drafts of the Abortion Bill appeared nearly ten 
		years ago. Perhaps the most useful result of the exhaustive inquiry 
		by the Lane Committee published last week could be the fading away 
		of so much shrill and emotional argument, for it is now clear that no 
		major change will be made in abortion law in Britain in the 
		foreseeable future. The report is not a whitewashing exercise, 
		however; while the legal changes it recommends are relatively minor 
		(see p. 128) it calls for changes inattitude that are much more 
		fundamental. . .
 
	
	
	
		 
	
	
		 
	
	Denis J. Horan
	
		- The abortion controversy is currently in the coercive stage. The hard 
	core proponents of legalized abortion are now busy opposing 
	abortion'legislation that keeps abortion in the criminal code, or that 
	seeks to regulate abortion other than through the medical practice act. 
	Their aim is the psychological satisfaction of making abortion not only 
	legal, but morally acceptable to all but the cranky Catholics. Part of 
	the plan includes opposition of conscience clauses. Obviously this latter 
	stance smacks of a betrayal of their promise that their wish was only 
	freedom now, and thus they are somewhat at a disadvantage before the 
	courts, at least as far as the conscience clause is concerned. . .
 
	
	Hypher TJ,  Gill CGE,  Rawson P. 
	Attitudes to abortion 
	(Letters). Br Med J. 
	1974 May 25; 
	2(5916): 
	448
	
	T. J. Hypher, C.E.G. Gill, P. Rawson
	
		- Hypher: Your leading article (13 April, p. 69) is indeed disturbing, 
	for its attitude is one of uncritical approval of insidious value changes. 
	It accepts unquestioningly that . . . priority in certain appointments will 
	go to those who see abortion as properly part of clinical gynaecological 
	practice and that a young doctor may find difficulty in taking up a career 
	in gynaecology if he is fundamentally opposed on ethical grounds to 
	abortion. . . 
 
  
		- Gill: If, as you surmise 
	(leading article, 13 April, p. 69), despite the "shrill and emotional 
	argument" of pressure groups" abortion for a wide range of indications is
	. . . now an established part of conventional medical practice," 
	nevertheless some provision should be made in British medicine for dedicated 
		aspirants to gynaecological and obstetric practice who can never take 
		part in an abortion programme. . .
 
		- Rawson: I was truly appalled by your 
	irresponsible leading article (13 April, p. 69). By its very terms of 
	reference the Lane Committee was care fully emasculated beforehand so 
	that, what ever the findings, there would be no mention of the real 
	result of the Abortion Act-namely, the wholesale destruction of human lives, 
		nearly 400 a day . . .
 
	
	McLaren HC, Scott JS, Miller IM, Nolan JR. Jenkins DM.
	Attitudes to abortion 
	(Letters). BMJ 1974 May 11;2(5914):329-330 PMID:11664331 
	Hugh Cameron McLaren, J.S. Scott, Ita M. Miller, J.R. Nolan, David M. 
	Jenkins
	
		- McLaren: . . . Already the Department of Health and Social Security has chits 
	to be handed to prospective consultants called "job descriptions" 
	which, of course, require a prospective consultant to abort. The 
	Guardian this month also spelt out the warning to trainee consultants in 
	stating that the committee recommended "a more careful watch by 
	hospital authorities on the religious beliefs and ethics of 
	gynaecologists when making consultant appointments.". . .
 
		- Scott: In your leading article "Attitudes to Abortion" (13 April, 
		p. 69) you sadly misunderstand the present situation. The Lane 
		Conmittee which has recently reported was precluded by its terms of 
		reference from considering the underlying principles behind the 
		Abortion Act-rather in the position of a group inquiring into the 
		Factory Act of 1833 but excluded from considering the principle of 
		child labour. . .
 
		- Miller:  It is hardly surprising that the Lane Committee found 
	regional disparities in the number of abortions carried out within the 
	N.H.S. The number of abortions in any individual centre must be inversely 
	proportional to the number of doctors with conscientious objections to 
	performing the procedure. . .  
  
 
		- Nolan:  In your leading article (13 April, p. 69) you state that 
	"a conscience clause was manifestly essential when the Act came in, 
	since many gynaecologists had sincere moral or ethical objections to 
	abortion on some of the grounds introduced by the new Act. Seven years 
	later the situation has changed." How has the situation changed? . . . 
		 
 
		 
 
		- Jenkins: In your leading article (13 April, p. 69) you report that the 
	Lane Commmittee "clearly understood the dislike felt by many doctors 
	and nurses for abortion procedures and sympathized with it" and you 
	continue "abortion is indeed distasteful to many people." However, you 
	feel that though "a conscience clause was manifestly essential when 
	the Act came in ... seven years later the situation has changed." You do 
	not consider it important to ask why this antipathy exists. . .
 
	
	
	Martin F. McKernan
	
		- I'd like to talk about four areas: the first is the New Jersey case, 
		Doe v. Bridgeton Hospital Association,' the second is an analysis of the 
		twin opinions of the Supreme Court in Roe v. Wade2 and Doe v. Bolton,3 
		vis-dvis the compulsion of health care facilities to provide abortion 
		services, the third is the concept of state action in this particular 
		area, and the fourth is a suggestive preventive matter for health care 
		facilities which desire not to permit the performance of elective 
		abortions. . . 
 
	
	
	Joseph J. Minattur
	
	Michael Morris, P. Golding
	
		- Morris: Your leading article (13 April, p. 69) is a sad reflection of 
	the confused thinking in current medical and national ethics. From 
	the time of Hippocrates until 1967 abortion was unaceptable to the 
	majority of doctors. You admit yourself that it "is indeed distasteful 
	to many people" (you do not suggest why this should be). . .  
  
   
		- Golding:  In your leading article (13 April, p. 69) on the Lane 
	Committee Report you state: "A conscience clause was manifestly 
	essential when the Act came in, since many gynaecologists had sincere 
	moral or ethical objections to abortion on some of the grounds 
	introduced by the new Act. Seven years later the situation has changed." . .
 
	
	
	Joan Mahoney Neff
	
		- . . . This legislation was presumably intended to allow medical 
	professions to act in accordance with their conscience and without fear of reprisals. 
	Few people would disagree with the protection of the right to conscience, 
	especially with regard to a topic as controversial as abortion. However, 
	problems arise when one person's right to conscience interferes with the 
	exercise of another person's constitutional rights. It seems obvious that 
	a doctor or nurse should not be forced to perform an abortion. But if all 
	the nurses or doctors in a public hospital avail themselves of their 
	right to conscience, the women unable to afford private hospitals will be 
	unable to avail themselves of their right to terminate a pregnancy. . .
 
	
	
	Nancy B. Shuger
	
	B.D. Silbermann
	
	John Stallworthy, Madeleine Simms
	
		- Stallworthy:  The light is amber and may soon be red. It is sad 
	to read in a leading article (13 April, p. 69) in a responsible journal 
	with a world-wide distribution that conscience which "was manifestly 
	essential" in 1967 to the clinical application of the Abortion Act is 
	no longer just as important. . .  
  
   
		- Simms:  Like Professors H. C. McLaren and J. S. Scott (11 May, p. 
	329), the Nazis thoroughly disapproved of abortion and were 
	determined to stamp it out. Consequently, one of the first laws they 
	passed when they came to power in Germany in 1933 was one increasing 
	the penalties against abortion. . .
 
	
	
	Margaret S. White
	
		- Miss Madeleine Simms, having bracketed by implication Professors H. C. 
	McLaren and J. S. Scott with the Nazis (1 June, p. 501), proceeds to make 
	a series of statements which have little relation to the truth. Let 
	us consider the facts: Among the first Acts the Nazis passed was one 
	permitting mass sterilization of the congenitally abnormal. This was 
	subsequently expanded by scret decrees which permitted the abortion, 
	sterilization, and liquidation of the Jews and the Reich's other 
	"enemies." . . .
 
	
	
	
	
	
		 
	
	
		 
	
	
		 
	
	
		 
	
	
	Becker W. Schwest [Duty to loyalty and conscience] Rev 1972 Oct 
	15;10(10):15-7  
	[Article in German]  PMID: 4485498
	
		 
	Mildner T. [A question of conscience for 
	Maimonides] Med Klin 1972 Aug 25;67(34):1091-3  [Article in German]  Publication Types: Biography 
	Historical Article Personal Name as Subject: Maimonides PMID: 4561058
	
		 
	
	
		 
	Schorr TM. 
	Issues of conscience. Am J Nurs 1972 Jan;72(1):61  PMID: 
	4480893
	Thelma M. Schorr
	
		- A nurse called us recently to say she had accompanied a patient who 
	was admitted to a small private New York hospital for an abortion. "I 
	was appalled and ashamed," she said, "to see how some of the nurses 
	treated those kids, many of them only 14 or 15 years old, from all over 
	the country. It was like Bedlam. They were herded like cattle, given no 
	counseling, no support at a time of such crisis in their young lives." . . .
 
	
	
	Robert Walley
	
		- The injustice caused to patients by the 
	present interpretation of the abortion law has been brought to the 
	attention of the profession and the public. However, the injustice 
	inflicted on a minority of the profession has been given scant attention. 
	In the eight years since graduating from a London teaching hospital I 
	have managed to do the "right jobs," get the required fellowship and 
	membership, and even obtained the B.T.A. (Been To America). However, I 
	now discover that to have a conscientious objection to abortion on demand 
	precludes one from continuing to practise in the specialty in this 
	country. . .
 
	
	
	
	Baruk H. 
	[The prolonged pain of moral conscience after an euthanasia during Hitlerian 
	persecutions.] Ann Med Psychol (Paris) 1971 Mar;1(3):405-7 (Medicolegal study)  [Article in French] PMID: 5558673 
	
	Conor J. Carr
	
		- As one who left Britain after training there as a gynaecologist, I 
	read with interest the letters of Mr. C. K. Vartan (26 June, p. 767) 
	and the replies (10 July, p. 108). Having been a senior registrar in 
	Oxford, I can substantiate Professor J. A. Stallworthy's statement (10 
	July, p. 108) that it is possible for men to work in his department 
	without having to perform duties contrary to their conscience. However, 
	it was noticeable that all three replies came from teaching units, 
	where the staffing is such that the presence of one or two people with 
	religious convictions against abortion does not put an undue amount of 
	work on one or two other individuals. . .
 
	
	
	
		 
	
	
		 
	
	
		 
	
	J.A. Stallworthy
	
		- Mr. C. K. Vartan's question (26 June, p. 767) "should not those who 
	will not terminate train for some other branch of medicine?" carries 
	serious implications for doctors and society. Uniformity of practice 
	would be administratively convenient but man's right to live and work 
	according to the dictates of conscience is an asset precious to him 
	and medicine itself. . .